The Grizzly, May 2, 2000

Asbestos Mess Hits Helfferich Hard • Commencement Set for UC Seniors • Douglass Davis, UC Alumnus and Faculty Member, Dead at 81 • Annual Spring Fling a High-Flying Success • Students Selected to Speak at 2000 Ursinus Graduation Ceremonies • Letters from the Editors • Final Exam Schedule • UC Female Reflects on the Horrors of the Freshman Fifteen • The Poet-Tree Grows at Ursinus • A New Chapter in the History Books: Newmaster Hurls the First Perfect Game in Centennial Conference History • UC Track Gears Up for Last Meet • Profile: Lisa Newmaster • Bears Capture Back-to-Back CC Title • Unpredicted Ending for UC Lacrossehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1468/thumbnail.jp

Concert recording 2017-10-12

[Track 1]. Concertino for trombone, op. 4. I. Allegro maestoso / Ferdinand David -- [Track 2]. Sonata for trombone and piano. II. Andante molto sostenuto I. Allegro / Kazimierz Serocki -- [Track 3]. Selections from Pictures at an exhibition. Bydlo Promenade / Modest Mussorgsky arranged by Kenneth Gehrs -- [Track 4]. A winter\u27s night / Kevin McKee -- [Track 5]. Sonata for bass trombone. II. Andantino I. Allegro non troppo / Patrick McCarty -- [Track 6]. Achieved is the glorious work from Creation / Franz Joseph Haydn -- [Track 7]. Etude no. 15 / Marco Bordogni -- [Track 8]. Suite for four trombones. I. Intrada VI. Arietta III. Interludium / Serocki

Concert recording 2018-02-22

[Track 1]. Full tilt / Anthony DiLorenzo -- [Track 2]. Great Lakes octet. I. Shimmering under the sunlight [Track 3]. II. Frozen under winter skies [Track 4]. III. Storm-tossed [Track 5]. IV. Spring horizon / Eric Ewazen -- [Track 6]. Wayfaring stranger / arranged by Chris Woods -- [Track 7]. On a hymnsong of Philip Bliss / David Holsinger translated by William Harbinson -- [Track 8]. Allegretto from Sinfonietta / Leoš Lanáček arranged by Cory Mixdorf -- [Track 9]. October / Eric Whitacre arranged by Christopher E. Hass -- [Track 10]. Fanfare for paratroopers / Paul Creston arranged by Philip Jameson

The Grizzly, September 5, 2000

Freshman Clustering: Ideal Living or Mission Impossible? • 2 Major Additions Make Debut this Fall • UC Online Generates Digital Excitement • Fitness House Hopes to Spark Student Interest in Athletics • Fountain Near Pfahler in the Works for Next Summer • Summer in Cambridge, Paris Unforgettable • New Professor Added in Computer Science Department • Opinion: Is Cheerleading a Sport??; Campaign 2000: Eye on Education; The Lesson is in the Language: The Republican Educational Plan • Summer Concert Review: Dave Matthews Band Spectacular at the Vet • International Film Festival Set to Begin at UC • Women\u27s Soccer Invincible at Invitational • Men Win Opener, Drop Heartbreaker • Uphill Battle Ahead for Cross Country Squad • Volleyball Team Dlgs out a Win in Virginia • Football Ranked Second in Conference Preseason Poll • Athlete of the Week: Krista Bailey • Meningitis: What UC Students Need to Know • UC Sophomore Reflects on Horrors of Freshman Fifteen • Rough Start for Bears\u27 Field Hockeyhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1470/thumbnail.jp

Chronic alcohol exposure disrupts top-down control over basal ganglia action selection to produce habits

Drug dependence shifts the balance in action selection away from goal-directed to habitual responding. Here, the authors report that chronic passive exposure to alcohol leads to suppression of orbitofrontal cortex inputs to dorsomedial striatum resulting in downregulation of goal-directed behavior

Chronic alcohol exposure disrupts top-down control over basal ganglia action selection to produce habits.

Addiction involves a predominance of habitual control mediated through action selection processes in dorsal striatum. Research has largely focused on neural mechanisms mediating a proposed progression from ventral to dorsal lateral striatal control in addiction. However, over reliance on habit striatal processes may also arise from reduced cortical input to striatum, thereby disrupting executive control over action selection. Here, we identify novel mechanisms through which chronic intermittent ethanol exposure and withdrawal (CIE) disrupts top-down control over goal-directed action selection processes to produce habits. We find CIE results in decreased excitability of orbital frontal cortex (OFC) excitatory circuits supporting goal-directed control, and, strikingly, selectively reduces OFC output to the direct output pathway in dorsal medial striatum. Increasing the activity of OFC circuits restores goal-directed control in CIE-exposed mice. Our findings show habitual control in alcohol dependence can arise through disrupted communication between top-down, goal-directed processes onto basal ganglia pathways controlling action selection

Orbital frontal cortex updates state-induced value change for decision-making.

Recent hypotheses have posited that orbital frontal cortex (OFC) is important for using inferred consequences to guide behavior. Less clear is OFC's contribution to goal-directed or model-based behavior, where the decision to act is controlled by previous experience with the consequence or outcome. Investigating OFC's role in learning about changed outcomes separate from decision-making is not trivial and often the two are confounded. Here we adapted an incentive learning task to mice, where we investigated processes controlling experience-based outcome updating independent from inferred action control. We found chemogenetic OFC attenuation did not alter the ability to perceive motivational state-induced changes in outcome value but did prevent the experience-based updating of this change. Optogenetic inhibition of OFC excitatory neuron activity selectively when experiencing an outcome change disrupted the ability to update, leaving mice unable to infer the appropriate behavior. Our findings support a role for OFC in learning that controls decision-making

Effects of chronic alcohol exposure on motivation-based value updating

Dysfunctional decision-making has been observed in alcohol dependence. However, the specific underlying processes disrupted have yet to be identified. Important to goal-directed decision-making is one's motivational state, which is used to update the value of actions. As ethanol dependence disrupts decision-making processes, we hypothesized that ethanol dependence could alter sensitivity to motivational state and/or value updating, thereby reducing the capability for adaptive behavior. Here we employed a sequential instrumental learning task to examine this hypothesis. In two experiments, mice underwent chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) or air (Air) vapor exposure and repeated withdrawal procedures to induce ethanol dependence. Mice were then trained on a sequence of distal and proximal lever pressing for sucrose under either mild or more severe food restriction. Half of all Air and CIE mice then underwent a motivational shift to a less hungry state and effects of this motivational shift were evaluated across three days. First, mice were re-exposed to sucrose, and effects of food restriction state and CIE exposure on lick and consummatory behavior were examined in the absence of lever pressing. Over the next two days, mice underwent a brief non-rewarded test and then a rewarded test where the ability to retrieve and infer sucrose value to guide lever pressing was measured. In the sucrose re-exposure session, prior CIE exposure altered sucrose-seeking in mice with a history of mild but not more severe food restriction, suggesting altered motivational sensitivity. During lever press testing, CIE mice were insensitive to decreases in motivational state and did not reduce proximal lever pressing regardless of food restriction state. Mildly restricted CIE mice, but not severely restricted CIE mice, also did not reduce distal pressing to the same degree as Air mice following a downshift in motivational state. Our findings suggest that ethanol dependence may disrupt motivational processes supporting value updating that are important for decision-making

Mechanism for differential recruitment of orbitostriatal transmission during actions and outcomes following chronic alcohol exposure.

Psychiatric disease often produces symptoms that have divergent effects on neural activity. For example, in drug dependence, dysfunctional value-based decision-making and compulsive-like actions have been linked to hypo- and hyperactivity of orbital frontal cortex (OFC)-basal ganglia circuits, respectively; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that alcohol-exposed mice have enhanced activity in OFC terminals in dorsal striatum (OFC-DS) associated with actions, but reduced activity of the same terminals during periods of outcome retrieval, corresponding with a loss of outcome control over decision-making. Disrupted OFC-DS terminal activity was due to a dysfunction of dopamine-type 1 receptors on spiny projection neurons (D1R SPNs) that resulted in increased retrograde endocannabinoid signaling at OFC-D1R SPN synapses reducing OFC-DS transmission. Blocking CB1 receptors restored OFC-DS activity in vivo and rescued outcome-based control over decision-making. These findings demonstrate a circuit-, synapse-, and computation-specific mechanism gating OFC activity in alcohol-exposed mice